PSG has now secured the season-opening trophy on 14 separate occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain required a dramatic leveler followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to overcome their arch-rivals in Kuwait and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions victory.
The Champions League holders seemed to be sailing towards a comfortable triumph in the showdown between the Ligue 1 champions and the French Cup holders after Ousmane Dembele opened the net early on.
Yet, the southern French side fired twice in the closing moments to seize a shock advantage. Initially, the English forward scored from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable twist of fortune, the Portuguese striker snatched a crucial equaliser in the final seconds to send the match into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then stood as the key figure, stopping decisive attempts from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and the young talent all scored successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a convincing penalty victory.
Now 14-time champions Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after completing a league and cup double, have now won this trophy for the twelfth time in the past thirteen seasons.